Git提交更改

在本文章教程中，我們將演示如何查看 Git 存儲庫的文件和提交文件記錄，并對存儲庫中的文件作修改和提交。

注意：在開始學習本教程之前，先克隆一個存儲庫，有關如何克隆存儲庫，請參考： Git克隆操作

在上一步中，我們已經修改了 main.py 文件中的代碼，在代碼中定義了兩個變量并提交代碼，但是要再次添加和修改main.py 文件中的代碼，實現新功能：求兩個變量相加值。修改提交的操作更改包含提交消息的最后一個提交; 它創建一個新的提交ID。

在修改操作之前，檢查提交日志，如下命令所示：

$ git log
commit d757c8e92ad6053db294100c77075865f829b7ac
Author: your_name 
Date:   Fri Jul 7 23:04:16 2017 +0800

    define two var a & b

commit be24e214620fa072efa877e1967571731c465884
Author: your_name 
Date:   Fri Jul 7 18:58:16 2017 +0800

    ？？mark

commit 5eccf92e28eae94ec5fce7c687f6f92bf32a6a8d
Author: your_name 
Date:   Fri Jul 7 18:52:06 2017 +0800

    this is main.py file commit mark use -m option

commit 6e5f31067466795c522b01692871f202c26ff948
Author: your_name 
Date:   Fri Jul 7 18:42:43 2017 +0800

    this is main.py file commit mark without use "-m" option

commit 290342c270bc90f861ccc3d83afa920169e3b07e
Author: Maxsu <[email protected]>
Date:   Fri Jul 7 16:55:12 2017 +0800

    Initial commit

下面我們打開文件：main.py 加入以下兩行：

c = a + b
print("The value of c is  ", c)

更正操作提交新的更改，并查看提交日志。首先查看狀態，如下命令：

$ git status
On branch master
Your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 4 commits.
  (use "git push" to publish your local commits)

Changes not staged for commit:
  (use "git add ..." to update what will be committed)
  (use "git checkout -- ..." to discard changes in working directory)

        modified:   main.py

no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")

添加文件并查看狀態，如下命令：

$ git add main.py

Administrator@MY-PC /D/worksp/sample (master)
$ git status
On branch master
Your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 4 commits.
  (use "git push" to publish your local commits)

Changes to be committed:
  (use "git reset HEAD ..." to unstage)

        modified:   main.py

提交更改的文件，如下所示：

$ git commit --amend -m "add the sum of a & b "
[master 51de0f0] add the sum of a & b
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

現在，使用 git log命令顯示將顯示新的提交消息與新的提交ID(51de0f02eb48ed6b84a732512f230028d866b1ea)，最近一次提交的放前面：

$ git log
commit 51de0f02eb48ed6b84a732512f230028d866b1ea
Author: your_name 
Date:   Fri Jul 7 23:04:16 2017 +0800

    add the sum of a & b

commit be24e214620fa072efa877e1967571731c465884
Author: your_name 
Date:   Fri Jul 7 18:58:16 2017 +0800

    ？？mark

commit 5eccf92e28eae94ec5fce7c687f6f92bf32a6a8d
Author: your_name 
Date:   Fri Jul 7 18:52:06 2017 +0800

    this is main.py file commit mark use -m option

commit 6e5f31067466795c522b01692871f202c26ff948
Author: your_name 
Date:   Fri Jul 7 18:42:43 2017 +0800

    this is main.py file commit mark without use "-m" option

commit 290342c270bc90f861ccc3d83afa920169e3b07e
Author: Maxsu <[email protected]>
Date:   Fri Jul 7 16:55:12 2017 +0800

    Initial commit